Temporary VAT Reduction during the Lockdown

The economics of a temporary VAT cut

The Economics of a Reduction in VAT

We explore the effects of a temporary cut in VAT, identifying three possible effects: an income effect as people benefit from a lower cost of living during the period of the reduction, a substitution effect as people bring their consumption forward and an arbitrage effect as people buy non-perishable goods before the end of the period of low VAT for consumption after the VAT rate as been raised...

Lockdown: Dynamic Control-Flow Integrity

Applications written in low-level languages without type or memory safety are especially prone to memory corruption. Attackers gain code execution capabilities through such applications despite all currently deployed defenses by exploiting memory corruption vulnerabilities. Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) is a promising defense mechanism that restricts open control-flow transfers to a static set o...

Simplifying Network Management with Lockdown

The administrator of an enterprise network has a responsibility to enforce the policies on the network. Yet, most security mechanisms do not map well to the intended policies. This has been due to the prevalence of simplistic tools that have poor enforcement but, yet are easy to manage. While advanced commercial solutions do exist that have stronger enforcement, they are significantly harder to...

Cache-Oblivious VAT-Algorithms

The VAT-model (virtual address translation model) extends the EM-model (external memory model) and takes the cost of address translation in virtual memories into account. In this model, the cost of a single memory access may be logarithmic in the largest address used. We show that the VAT-cost of cache-oblivious algorithms is only a constant factor larger than their EM-cost; this requires a som...